Chapter 6 life process class 10

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HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION

Word heterotrophic is derived from two Greek words -- Hetero meaning different and trophe means nutrition. 
In this type of Nutrition, the organisms cannot prepare it's own food buy is dependent on other organisms for its food requirements.


 Heterotrophic nutrition is further divided into following 3 types: 

1. Saprophytic Nutrition

Sapro means rotten. I'm this type of Nutrition, the organisms get their food material from dead decaying organic matter. 
Eg: mushroom, bacteria etc.

2. Parasitic Nutrition

In this type of Nutrition, an organism, may be plant or animal, depends on other living organisms is called parasite and the other organism on which parasites depends is called host. 
Eg: Tapeworm, ticks, lice etc. ‌‌

3. Holozoic Nutrition

The animals consume the entire food by ingestion and then digest it by converting it into simpler substances.
Eg: Amoeba, cow,. buffalo


How do organisms obtain their Nutrition?

• Nutrition in Amoeba:  Amoeba is a unicellular organism and feeds on microscopic animals and plants that floats in water. Its mode of Nutrition is holozoic

1. Ingestion:  Amoeba has no mouth or fixed place for ingestion of food . Amoeba engulfs the food by forming pseudopodia (false feet).

2. Digestion:  In amoeba the process of digestion is intracellular because the food is digested in the food vacuole by digestive enzymes. 

3. Absorption and Assimilation:  The food present in the food vacuole diffuses into the cytoplasm and utilised by cell. 

4. Egestion:  Egestion of undigested food takes place at any point in the surface of body. In Amoeba, there is no fixed place for removing undigested part of food. 

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